この季語はどの季節？

日本語には季語というものがあります。
この季語はその季節でなければ、また季節を表す言葉として
永く使われてきました。
しかし、その永さゆえに季節のとらえ方や考え方、いえば
日本文化の変遷により大きくずれてしまったり
死語となっている季語も多くあります。
思っていた季節と違っていたりしています。
今一度季語に触れて
より季節感を感じてほしいと思い
このクイズアプリを作りました。
楽しんでください。

季語（きご）とは、連歌、俳諧、俳句において用いられる特定の季節を表す言葉を言う。「雪」（冬）、「月」（秋）、「花」（春）などのもの。流派、結社によっては、題詠の題としたり、一句の主題となっている言葉を「季題」（きだい）と言い、単に季節を表すだけの「季語」と区別することもあるが、両者の境は曖昧であり互いを同義に用いることも多い（詳細は後述）。「季語」「季題」いずれも近代以降に成立した言い方であり、古くは「季の詞（きのことば）」「季の題」「四季の詞」あるいは単に「季（き）」「季節」などと呼ばれた。以下では特に説明のない限り「季語」で統一して解説する。
日本の詩歌において季節は古くから意識されており、『万葉集』の巻八と巻十、『古今和歌集』の最初の六巻はそれぞれ季節によって部立てがされている。季語が成立したのは平安時代後期であり、能因による『能因歌枕』では月別に分類された150の季語を見ることができる。五番目の勅撰和歌集『金葉和歌集』では、それまで季節が定められていなかった「月」が秋の景物と定められ、以後「花」（季語では桜のこと）（春）、「ほととぎす」（夏）、「紅葉」（秋）、「雪」（冬）とともに「五箇の景物」と言われ重要視された。
鎌倉時代に連歌が成立すると、複数の参加者の間で連想の範囲を限定する必要性から季語が必須のものとされた[4]。発句（連歌の最初の五七五の句）は必ずそのときの季節に合わせて詠むべきものとされ、南北朝時代の『連理秘抄』（二条良基）では40ほど、室町時代の『連歌至宝抄』（里村紹巴、1627年）では270ほどの季語を集めている。また連歌の時代からは季語の本意・本情（ほんい、ほんじょう。和歌以来受け継がれてきた、その季語にまつわる伝統的な美意識のこと）が問われ盛んに議論されるようになった。
江戸時代に俳諧が成立すると、卑近な生活の素材などからも季語が集められて著しく増大した。俳諧の最古の季題集『はなひ草』（野々口立圃、1636年）には590、『山の井』（北村季吟、1648年）では1300、『俳諧歳時記』（曲亭馬琴、1803年）では2600の季語が集められている。芭蕉の正門俳諧では、漢詩、和歌以来の伝統的な季語を「竪題」（たてだい、縦題とも）、俳諧からの新しい季語を「横題」（よこだい）とも言い、松尾芭蕉は「季節（注：ここでは季語のこと）の一つも探り出したらんは、後世によき賜（たまもの）となり」（『去来抄』）として季語の発掘を推奨した。

明治時代に俳句の近代化を行った正岡子規は、十七字という俳句の短さに対して、季語によって起こる四季の連想が重要な役割を果たすと考えた（『俳諧大要』）。子規の考えを受け継いだ高濱虚子は、俳句の主題は四季を反映した自然（ならびにそれを反映した人事・生活）であるべきことを説き（花鳥諷詠）、無季俳句に対して厳しい態度を取ったが、昭和初期に起こった新興俳句運動は都会や戦争など社会的素材を扱い積極的に無季俳句を容認した。

新しい季語は近代以降も、俳人が俳句に取り入れ、それが歳時記に採集されるという形で増え続けており、現代の歳時記ではおおむね5000を超える数の季語が収録されている。

季語の種類
季語はその成り立ちによって三種類に分けることができる[1]。まず一つは「事実の季語」で、雪は主に冬に降るから冬、梅の花は春に咲くから春、という風に自然界の事実にしたがって決められているものである。次に「指示の季語」があり、「春の雨」「夏の山」「秋風」というように、事物の上に季節を表す語がついて直接的に季節を示しているものである。最後に「約束の季語」があり、これは実際には複数の季節を通して見られるものであっても、伝統的な美意識に基づく約束事として季節が決まっているものである。先述の「月」（秋）や「蛙」（春）、「虫」（秋）、「火事」（冬）といったものがその例である。
現代の歳時記においては一般に、四季+新年の五季ごとに季語の内容から「時候」「天文」「地理」「生活」「行事」「動物」「植物」という分類がなされている。

The Japanese there is a thing called season words.
If this season word is that season, also as a word that represents the season
It has been a long time used.
However, the permanent is therefore seasonal captured how and ways of thinking, speaking
Or it deviates significantly by the transition of Japanese culture
There are also many season word that has become obsolete.
We have been or are different from the season that I thought.
Touching the now once season words
I would like to see more feel a sense of the season
We made this quiz app.
have fun.

The season words (Kigo), refers to the words that represent bricks, haiku, a particular season to be used in the haiku. "Snow" (winter), "month" (autumn), "Hana" (Spring) things such as. School, by association, or the title of Daiei, refers to words that is the haiku of the subject as a "seasonal theme" (seasonal theme), but may be simply to distinguish it from the only of "Kigo" represent the season, both of Sakai is ambiguous often use each other interchangeably (details will be described later). Both "Kigo", "seasonal theme" is enacted words in the modern era, in ancient times, "season of the lyrics (Kino words)," "season of the title," "The Four Seasons of the lyrics," or simply "season (-out)", "season" It was called forth. And commentary unified "Kigo" unless otherwise described in the following.
Has been aware of the seasons is a long time in Japan of poetry, the winding-eight "Manyoshu" Makiju, have been made each of the first of six volumes part fresh depending on the season of "Kokin Wakashū". The Kigo is established is the late Heian period, it is possible to see the "Noin Utamakura" In 150 of the season words that have been classified by month by Noin. In the fifth nijūichidaishū "Kin'yō Wakashū", it to be defined as the season has not been determined, "Moon" is the fall Keibutsu, hereinafter "Hana" (that of the cherry blossoms in the season word) (spring), "cuckoo" ( summer), "autumn leaves" (autumn), referred to as "snow" (winter) along with the "Keibutsu of Goka" is important.
When the brick Kamakura period is satisfied, Kigo from the need to limit the scope of the association between a plurality of participants is as essential [4]. Hook (the first five hundred seventy-five clauses brick) is assumed always to recite according to the season at that time, of the Northern and Southern Dynasties era "Now and Forever Hi抄" (Yoshimoto Nijo) at about 40, "Renga treasures Excerpts of the Muromachi era "(Joha Satomura, 1627) has attracted a season word of about 270 in. Also real intention - this information of Kigo from the era of bricks (real intention, Honjo. Has been handed down since Waka, the thing of traditional aesthetics surrounding Kigo) has come to be questioned are actively discussed.
When the haiku in the Edo period is established, it was significantly increased in Kigo is collected from such material of Hikin life. The oldest of the seasonal theme collection of haiku "Hua Fei grass" (Ryuho Nonoguchi, 1636) 590, the "mountain of the well" (Kigin Kitamura, 1648) In 1300, "haiku Haiku" (Takizawa Bakin, 1803) in Kigo of 2600 it has been collected. In Basho's main gate haiku, poetry, traditional Kigo since Waka "Tatedai" (Tatedai, both the vertical title), refers to the new season word from haiku as "next to die" (next to large), Basho Matsuo "season: Ran is that dug out also one of (Note here that the season word is), posterity in a good gifts (gift) and" was recommended excavation of Kigo as ( "come and go Extract").

The Masaoka Shiki, which was carried out modernization of haiku in the Meiji era, to the haiku of short as seventeen characters, thought and association plays an important role of the four seasons caused by Kigo ( "haiku compendium"). Is inherited Kyoshi Takahama the idea of ​​Shiki, the subject of the haiku is preached that should be natural to reflect the four seasons (as well as human resources and life that reflects it) (flowers and birds Fuei), took a tough attitude against Peel haiku There, emerging haiku movement that took place in the early Showa era was accepted to deal aggressively Peel haiku social materials such as urban and war.

Also new Kigo modern later, haiku poet is incorporated into the haiku, it has continued to grow in the form of is collected in the literary calendar, it has been recorded in the number of season words of more than approximately 5000 in modern SKETCHES.

Kind of Kigo
Season words can be divided into three types by their origins [1]. One is the "fact of Kigo" First of all, snow is mainly because the fall in winter winter, plum blossoms are those that have been decided in spring, according to the facts of nature in the wind that because bloom in the spring. Then there is a "season word of instruction", such as "Spring Rain," "Summer of the mountain," "Autumn Wind", is intended to indicate directly the season with a word that represents the season on top of things. Finally, there is a "season word of promise", this is even in fact seen through more than one season to, those that decided the season as a convention based on the traditional aesthetics. Aforementioned "month" (autumn) and "frog" (spring), "insects" (autumn), things such as "fire" (winter) is an example.
In general, in modern literary calendar, classified four seasons + from the contents of the New Year's season words every five seasons of "Jiko", "astronomy", "Geography", "life", "event", "animal", "plants" have been made.