Kitab Tanya Jawab Bab Hukum Shalat Jum'at

Sejarah Pensyariatan dan Dalil Kewajiban Shalat Jumat

Shalat Jumat merupakan satu dari beberapa tuntunan syariat yang
dikhususkan untuk umat Nabi Muhammad SAW. Tidak pernah ada dalam sejarah
nabi sebelum Rasulullah SAW tuntutan melakukan shalat Jumat.

Kewajiban Jumat dimulai saat Rasulullah Saw masih berada di Mekkah,
tepatnya pada waktu malam Isra’ Mi’raj. Namun belum pernah dilaksanakan
di sana karena belum terpenuhinya standar jumlah orang yang merupakan
salah satu syarat wajibnya Jumat. Di sisi lain, pada waktu itu dakwah
Nabi SAW masih dilakukan secara sembunyi-sembunyi sehingga belum
memungkinkan untuk dilakukan.

Ibnu Hajar Al-‘Asqalani menegaskan bahwa beberapa hadits shahih
menunjukkan shalat Jumat difardhukan di Madinah. Pendapat sang maha guru
para ulama’ ahli hadits ini tidak bertentangan dengan keterangan di
atas. Pendapatnya diarahkan bahwa kewajiban Jumat baru tercapai secara
sempurna di Madinah karena telah terpenuhinya syarat-syarat kewajiban
menjalankannya, tidak menutup kemungkinan sebelum di Madinah shalat
Jumat sudah diwajibkan namun masih terdapat udzur-udzur yang
menggugurkan kewajiban menjalankannya.
Hukum shalat Jumat adalah fardlu ‘ain bagi laki-laki apabila terpenuhi
syarat-syarat wajibnya. Terdapat beberapa dalil yang menegaskan hal
tersebut.
Allah SWT berfirman:

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نُودِي لِلصَّلاةِ مِن يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَاسْعَوْا إِلَى ذِكْرِ الله
وَذَرُوا الْبَيْعَ ذَلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
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Kitab Rumus Pukulan Rabban Banjari Pensyariatan history and Proposition Liability Friday prayers

Friday prayer is one of several guidance Shari'a
devoted to the people of Prophet Muhammad. Never in history
prophets before Prophet Muhammad demands Friday prayers.

Friday obligation begins when the Prophet was in Mecca,
precisely at the time the night of Isra 'Mi'raj. But has not been implemented
there because it has not fulfilled the standard number of people who are
one of the requirements is obligatory on Friday. On the other hand, at the time of propaganda
The Prophet was done in secret so as not
allowing it to do.

Ibn Hajar Al-'Asqalani confirms that some of the hadeeth
difardhukan show Friday prayers in Medina. Opinion of the guru
the scholars' This hadith scholars do not conflict with the information in
on. Friday directed his opinion that the new obligations achieved
Perfect in Medina for having fulfilled the terms of the obligation
run, do not rule out the possibility before in Medina prayer
Friday has been obligated but still there udzur-udzur that
abort an obligation to run.
Friday prayer is fardlu law 'ain for men if fulfilled
obligatory requirements. There is some proof that confirms
The.
Allah says:

يا أيها الذين آمنوا إذا نودي للصلاة من يوم الجمعة فاسعوا إلى ذكر الله
وذروا البيع ذلكم خير لكم إن كنتم تعلمون
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