Tissue Culture Techniques

Tissue culture is a way of vegetative propagation of plants. Tissue culture is the technique of plant propagation by isolating parts of plants such as leaves, buds, and growing these parts in artificial media aseptically rich nutrients and plant growth regulators in a closed container that is opaque so that the plant can reproduce themselves and generations into complete plant. The main principle of the technique is tissue culture propagation using vegetative parts of the plants using artificial media performed in a sterile.

Tissue culture methods developed to help you grow crops, especially for plants that are difficult to breed in generative. Seed produced from tissue culture has several advantages, among others: having properties identical to the parent, can be reproduced in large quantities so as not to need a large place, capable of producing seeds with a large amount in a short time, health and quality of seedlings more guaranteed, speed seedlings grow faster than the conventional propagation.

Steps being taken in plant propagation by tissue culture techniques are:

    Making media
    Initiation
    Sterilization
    multiplication
    rooting
    Acclimatization


The media is a decisive factor in the propagation by tissue culture. The composition of the medium used depends on the type of plants that will be reproduced. The medium used is usually composed of mineral salts, vitamins, and hormones. Additionally, also required additional materials such as agar, sugar, and others. Growth regulator (hormone) are added also varies, both the type and quantity, depending on the purpose of tissue culture is done. Media that is so placed in test tubes or glass bottles. The media used must also be sterilized by heating in an autoclave.
Tissue Culture of Excellence:

    Seedling not depending on the season
    Seedlings can be produced in large quantities with a relatively faster (than the buds are already a response within one year can produce a minimum of 10,000 plantlets / seed)
    Seed produced uniform
    The resulting seedlings are free of the disease (using a specific organ)
    The cost of transporting the seedlings are relatively cheap and easy
    In the breeding process free from pests, diseases, and other environmental horsing